High-End Tensiometry

BPA-2S Maximum Bubble Pressure Tensiometer

The BPA2S is the high-end version of our BPA instruments and can provide dynamic surface tensions over a very broad time interval. Based on a particular protocol, proposed by Dr. V. B. Fainerman in 1990, it is possible to accurately separate the deadtime from the lifetime of a bubble, which allows for dynamic surface tension data in a time interval from less than one millisecond up to about 100 s bubble surface age. This six orders of magnitude time range is possibly the broadest in tensiometry for a single instrument. PAT covers only five orders of magnitude in time when running a measurement over more than a day, while both complement each other to provide a time window from t < 1 ms up to 24 h and more. The possibility of measuring at very short adsorption times allows even studies relevant for fast processes like ink jet printing or fast coating and gives insight into fast processes such as micelle formation/dissolution kinetics.